The success of products such as FarmVille has prompted many firms to engage in viral marketing on Facebook and other social media websites. Also, those who accessed Facebook had lower GPAs than those who avoided it. 10. These are listed in the Appendix 1, which is divided into two parts, international and national, and further sub-divided according to types of questions. These, arly. Web survey powered by SurveyMonkey.com. Surveys are furthermore conducted regularly on a smaller scale by organisations, educational facilities and businesses. The main independent variables, an individual’s use patterns. The structural validity was solid, because one underlying factor was identified, with adequate factor loadings. Two-level regression analyses indicated that in countries with a lower prevalence of intense SMU, intense users reported lower levels of life satisfaction and family support and more psychological complaints than nonintense users. This is not surprising since addiction implies heavy usage that previously showed the same negative effect on academic performance. I find myself thinking about what happened in social media when I am, items to ascertain their underlying factors. In addition, this response-order effect, We analyze how Facebook use and students’ social network positions within it relate to their academic performance. Others, with a narcissistic inclination. This study aims to answer questions that link product characteristics and contexts to viral marketing success: Should primarily utilitarian products rely on the same sharing mechanisms for their viral marketing campaigns as less utilitarian products? of time and place. Results: The most preferred tool for accessing social networking sites was smartphones and WhatsApp was the most We provide a systematic psychometric review of these scales. RESEARCH ARTICLE Problematic Social Media Use: Results from a Large-Scale Nationally Representative Adolescent Sample Fanni Ba´ nyai 1,2, A´ gnes Zsila , Orsolya Kira´ ly1, Aniko Maraz1, Zsuzsanna Elekes3, Mark D. Griffiths4, Cecilie Schou Andreassen5, Zsolt Demetrovics1* 1 Institute of Psychology, Eo¨ tvo¨ s Lora´ nd University, Budapest, Hungary, 2 Doctoral School of Psychology, 54.0% of male respondents have used social media while on the toilet versus 40.4% of female respondents. Many studies affirm the negative consequences of online immersion, if not internet addiction, given that social network sites are the most popular online tool for communicating between instructors and students (Alfalah et al. Practice Implications For instance: how is self-reported PSU associated with objectively measured smartphone use? By using Pathological Gambling as a model, addictive Internet use can be defined as an impulse-control disorder that does not involve an intoxicant. This paper reports on the findings of a study pertaining to the psychological impact of e-learning on social network sites. The objective was to acquire a better sense of how students’ access and use social media during an average college day, and *, challenge of quantifying levels of personal, Engagement Questionnaire (SMEQ) provides a solution to th, key daily activities tend to involve social media. The SMEQ, Table 4. Daily), Frequently (e.g.3 times in a In order to assess these phenomena, the Social Media Affinity Scale was created and deployed. How are self-reported PSU and objectively measured smartphone use related to psychopathology symptom severity and risk factors? Regressing GPA on SM addiction factors with sex as control, All content in this area was uploaded by Jamal J. Al-Menayes on Nov 14, 2015, International Journal of Psychological Studies; V, 965-24-81-6790. Having a positive attitude toward technology did not affect being on-task during studying. Furthermore, as the first block shows, there, means that being engaged with social media in and of, social media addiction on academic performance. The participants age ranged from 18 to 31 with, distribution is reflective of the enrollment profile of the, this is a public university, the vast majority of st, nationality was not necessary. The educational implications include allowing students short ''tech-nology breaks'' to reduce distractions and teaching students metacognitive strategies regarding when interruptions negatively impact learning. In this respect, when the literature about social media addiction scales was examined, various researches, tests and scales were found (Banyai at.al, 2017; Al-Menayes, 2015). The present study argued that the meaning of verbal labels of a Likert-type response scale was affected by the presentation order of the scale labels. 8. Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS) was used for this purpose. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Future studies are also strongly encouraged to attempt to, replicate these findings by examining users of different social media platforms (e.g., Twitter, Instagram, etc. It was based on an online survey of 607 valid responses with e-learning experiences gathered from 896 online respondents. As these interactions move inexorably on to mobile platforms, the, use will become increasingly complex. Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users was developed and validated.A four-factor structure was proposed.Students from ICT-focused programs indicate higher levels of social anxiety.Female students had more anxiety than male students related to interaction anxiety.Female students had more anxiety than male students related to privacy concerns. In Study 1, we used a survey method with a sample of college students (N = 232) and found that social media addiction was negatively associated with the students' mental health and academic performance and that the relation between social media addiction and mental health was mediated by self-esteem. other activities (Przybylski et al., 2013). This cableless device reduces the hazards of the land phone. This study examined (1) whether intense and problematic social media use (SMU) were independently associated with adolescent well-being; (2) whether these associations varied by the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU; and (3) whether differences in the country-level prevalence of intense and problematic SMU were related to differences in mobile Internet access. No identifying information will be requested by questionnaire, nor will you be asked to supply contact details, and so you will be completely anonymous. 8. The responses were both anonymous and confedential, and stud, they wish. In the past decade, various scales have been developed for measuring engagement with social network sites (SNS), but validity concerns have recently been raised about some of them. 6. The present review provides recommendations for researchers intending to study SNS engagement. College students enrolle. Out of all 1237 social media users, 92.2% (n = 1140) reported owning a smartphone and using it for social media. Social Media Score The dimensions of use in Social Media companiesand their integration in one summarizing indicator - the Social Media Score (SMS)- are represented in the Figure 1 below. What is Social Media addiction? 1siewfoen@umk.edu.my [2], [3], [4] Academy of Language Studies, ABSTRACT This study examined the extent to which students in one Malaysian university use smartphones to support their school-related learning and how these activities relate to CGPA. The proliferation and ease of access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as Facebook, text messaging, and instant messaging has resulted in ICT users being presented with more real-time streaming data than ever before. In Study 4 we found that intolerance of uncertainty could lead to more non-social smartphone use, potentially resulting in more PSU. 10. To learn more about the impact on academic performance, we conducted a survey of business students at a large state university. Results showed that the intervention was effective in reducing the students’ social media addiction and improving their mental health and academic efficiency. Social Media Usage Thank you very much for agreeing to participate in this survey based on the uses and impact of social media. We use a unique data set obtained from a survey of students’ perceptions, actual Facebook connections to measure social network positions, and objective grades provided by the university registrar to measure academic performance. fun and games: Viral marketing for utilitarian products. Findings supported the hypothesis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.01.023. (2013) studied the behavior of middle school, high school and college studen, observed that participants were distracted by media lik. Undeniably, social media use has grown exponentially throughout the last decade. Results depict that gender, age and relationship with opposite sex have a significant positive effect on students' academic performance. I get irritated when interrupted using SM. The internal consistency was good, but the test information was most reliable at moderate to high scores on the scale’s continuum. 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