In this period, he also became involved with eugenics and human genetics. Titular de la cátedra de zoología formado en 1925, en la Universidad de Texas, desde 1933 hasta 1937 trabajó en el Instituto de Genética de la Academia de Ciencias de la URSS en Moscú. [33], H. J. Muller and science-fiction writer Ursula Le Guin were second cousins; his father (Hermann J. Muller Sr.) and her father's mother (Johanna Muller Kroeber) were siblings, the children of Nicholas Müller, who immigrated to the United States in 1848, and at that time dropped the umlaut from his name. [34], Muller is survived by his daughter, Helen J. Muller, now a professor emerita at the University of New Mexico, who has a daughter, Mala Htun, also a professor at the University of New Mexico. American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation (mutagenesis), as well as his outspoken political beliefs. Hermann Joseph Muller (December 21, 1890 – April 5, 1967) was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation (mutagenesis ), as well as his outspoken political beliefs. Hermann Joseph Muller The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946 Born: 21 December 1890, New York, NY, USA Died: 5 April 1967, Indianapolis, IN, USA Affiliation at the time of the award: Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA Hermann Joseph Muller Herman Joseph Muller (o H. J. Muller ) (el 21 de diciembre de 1890 – el 5 de abril de 1967) era un genetista americano , educador y laureado Nobel mejor conocido por su trabajo de los efectos fisiológicos y genéticos de la radiación (radiografíe mutagenesis) así como sus creencia políticas abiertas. Biólogo y genetista estadounidense. [31] He retired in 1964. [20] Here, he lived in a Dutch Colonial Revival house in Bloomington's Vinegar Hill neighborhood. Desde 1933 hasta 1937 trabajó como genetista en el Instituto de Genética de Moscú, fundando un activo grupo de investigación que se vio afectado por los debates científico-ideológicos en torno a la genética del periodo estalinista (campaña antigenetista de Trofim Lysenko). MULLER, HERMANN JOSEPH (b.New York, N.Y., 21 December 1890; d.Indianapolis, Indiana, 5 April 1967). In the emerging collaborative culture of the drosophilists, however, credit was assigned based on results rather than ideas; Muller felt cheated when he was left out of major publications. In his early years at Texas, Muller's Drosophila work was slow going; the data from his mutation rate studies were difficult to interpret. Born (1890-12-21) December 21, … Hermann J. Muller. Muller's appointment was ended after the 1944–1945 academic year, and despite difficulties stemming from his socialist political activities, he found a position as professor of zoology at Indiana University. He carried out a study of twins separated at birth that seemed to indicate a strong hereditary component of I.Q. Realizó importantes estudios acerca de la acción de los rayos X, descubrimiento por el cual le fue otorgado el Premio Nobel de Fisiología y Medicina en 1946. traducir Hermann Joseph Muller significado Hermann Joseph Muller traducción de Hermann Joseph Muller Sinónimos de Hermann Joseph Muller, antónimos de Hermann Joseph Muller. A clear, quantitative connection between radiation and lethal mutations quickly emerged. [3][4] Among his first cousins are Herbert J. Muller and Alfred Kroeber (Kroeber is Ursula Le Guin's father). Nació en la ciudad de Nueva York el 1 de diciembre de 1890, huérfano a los 10 años siempre mostró gran interés hacia las ciencias de la vida, influenciado y apoyado en gran medida por su madre Frances Lyons Muller. Scientists similar to or like Hermann Joseph Muller. He followed the drosophilists as the first genetic maps emerged from Morgan's experiments, and joined Morgan's group in 1912 (after two years of informal participation). Hermann Joseph (H. La acción de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre las células. [32] The Drosophila basic units of inheritance, their chromosomal arms, are named "Muller elements" in Muller's honor. He was one of the forefathers of modern molecular biology. Indiana Historic Sites and Structures Inventory. Desde 1945 hasta 1964 fue catedrático de zoología de la Universidad de Indiana. Hermann Joseph Muller, generally known as H. J. Muller, (21 December 1890 – 5 April 1967) was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel Prize winner. David's mother was Jessie Jacobs Muller Offermann (1890-1954), Hermann's first wife. ", "Muller's Nobel lecture on dose–response for ionizing radiation:ideology or science? Muller frequently warned of long-term dangers of radioactive fallout from nuclear war and nuclear testing, which resulted in greater public scrutiny of these practices. Hermann Joseph Muller. His grandparents on his father’s side were of artisan and professional background and, though at first Catholics, had emigrated from the Rhineland during the wave of reaction of 1848 to seek the greater freedom of America. In 1920, Muller and Altenburg coauthored a seminal paper in Genetics on "modifier genes" that determine the size of mutant Drosophila wings. [16] By 1936, however, Joseph Stalin's repressive policies and the rise of Lysenkoism was making the USSR an increasingly problematic place to live and work. In the following years, he began publicizing the likely dangers of radiation exposure in humans (such as physicians who frequently operate X-ray equipment or shoe sellers who radiated their customers' feet). [35], His work on the biological effects of radiation exposure is referenced in Rachel Carson's revelatory book, Silent Spring. English: Hermann Joseph Muller (or H. J. Muller) (December 21, 1890 – April 5, 1967) was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation (X-ray mutagenesis) as well as his outspoken political beliefs. Se graduó en la Universidad de Columbia, después de dar clases en la Universidad de Texas y de colaborar en el Instituto de Genética y en el … [24][25] He was a signatory (with many other scientists) of the 1958 petition to the United Nations, calling for an end to nuclear weapons testing, which was initiated by the Nobel Prize-winning chemist Linus Pauling. He became interested in the Drosophila genetics work of Thomas Hunt Morgan's fly lab after undergraduate bottle washers Alfred Sturtevant and Calvin Bridges joined his biology club. Hermann Joseph Muller — noun United States geneticist who studied the effects of X rays on genes (1890 1967) • Syn: ↑Muller • Instance Hypernyms: ↑geneticist … Useful english dictionary Medizinnobelpreis 1946: Hermann Joseph Muller — 95 Der amerikanische Biologe erhielt den Nobelpreis für die Entdeckung, »dass Mutationen mittels Röntgenstrahlen hervorgerufen … Impartió clases en la Universidad de Texas desde 1920 hasta 1933, donde fue nombrado catedrático de zoología en 1925. There, at the Institute of Genetics, he imported the basic equipment for a Drosophila lab—including the flies—and set up shop. Significado de Hermann Joseph Muller diccionario. Muller frequently warned of long-term dangers of radioactive fallout from nuclear war and nuclear testing, which resulted in … Bio je jedan od prvih predaka moderna molekularna biologija. Muller was born in New York City, the son of Frances (Lyons) and Hermann Joseph Muller, Sr., an artisan who worked with metals. [8], At Columbia, Muller and his collaborator and longtime friend Edgar Altenburg continued the investigation of lethal mutations. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1957 Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, "The Secrets of Life: Historian Luis Campos resurrects radium's role in early genetics research", "The Eugenics Crusade What's Wrong with Perfect? El 5 de abril de 1967, fallecía el biólogo y genetista estadounidense Hermann Joseph Muller (21 de diciembre de 1890, Nueva York, Nueva York, Estados Unidos – 5 de abril de 1967, Indianápolis, Indiana, Estados Unidos). [22] In Muller's Nobel Prize lecture, he argued that no threshold dose of radiation existed that did not produce mutagenesis, which led to the adoption of the linear no-threshold model of radiation on cancer risks. 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